+2 for every enemy province you control, +6 for their capital. This counts live: it goes up the moment a province falls and down the moment it is lost.
Making peace
Only the nation that leads each side can offer or sign a peace. An ally that wants out leaves the war instead.
White peace: nobody gives anything. Either side can offer it at any time.
Demanding land: at 40 warscore the winning side may demand provinces, 3 warscore each. The other side has to sign; until they do, the war goes on, and the offer is checked again when it is signed.
At 100 warscore the war ends by itself, and the winner takes the provinces it already controls, up to what the score buys.
What a nation can give up
In one peace a nation gives up at most:
Small (1 to 10 provinces): 2 provinces
Medium (11 to 25 provinces): 3 provinces
Large (26 or more): 4 provinces
A capital can never be given. The map refuses any peace that asks for more.